To get clear information on your insurance plan, contact your insurance provider directly with their customer service.
What is a copay?
A copay (or copayment) is a flat fee that you pay on the spot each time you go to your doctor or fill a prescription. For example, if you hurt your back and go see your doctor, or you need a refill of your child's asthma medicine, the amount you pay for that visit or medicine is your copay.
Your copay amount is printed right on your health plan ID card. Copays cover your portion of the cost of a doctor's visit or medication.
When do I pay a copay?
A copay is paid at the time of your service.
What is a deductible, and how does it work?
A deductible is the amount you pay each year for most eligible medical services or medications before your health plan begins to share in the cost of covered services. For example, if you have a $2,000 yearly deductible, you'll need to pay the first $2,000 of your total eligible medical costs before your plan helps to pay.
A deductible is separate from the monthly premium you pay. After a deductible is paid, you continue to pay your monthly premium, but the medical costs are covered (aside from any copay or coinsurance charges).
What is coinsurance?
Coinsurance is a portion of the medical cost you pay after your deductible has been met. Coinsurance is a way of saying that you and your insurance carrier each pay a share of eligible costs that add up to 100 percent. The higher your coinsurance percentage, the higher your share of the cost is.
How do I calculate my coinsurance costs?
The amount you need to pay for your coinsurance will depend on the allowed amount that a provider can bill for their service.
For example, some health plans have an 80/20 coinsurance. This means your coinsurance is 20 percent and you pay 20 percent of the cost of your covered medical bills. Your health insurance plan will pay the other 80 percent.
If you meet your annual deductible in June, and need an MRI in July, it is covered by coinsurance. If the covered charges for an MRI are $2,000 and your coinsurance is 20 percent, you need to pay $400 ($2,000 x 20%). Your insurance company or health plan pays the other $1,600.
What is an out-of-pocket maximum?
Out-of-pocket maximum is the most you could pay for covered medical expenses in a year. This amount includes money you spend on deductibles, copays, and coinsurance. Once you reach your annual out-of-pocket maximum, your health plan will pay your covered medical and prescription costs for the rest of the year.
Here’s an example.2 You have a plan with a $3,000 annual deductible and 20% coinsurance with a $6,350 out-of-pocket maximum. You haven’t had any medical expenses all year, but then you need surgery and a few days in the hospital. That hospital bill might be $150,000.
You will pay the first $3,000 of your hospital bill as your deductible. Then, your coinsurance kicks in. The health plan pays 80% of your covered medical expenses. You'll be responsible for payment of 20% of those expenses until the remaining $3,350 of your annual $6,350 out-of-pocket maximum is met. Then, the plan covers 100% of your remaining eligible medical expenses for that calendar year.
Depending on your plan, the numbers will vary—but you get the idea. In this scenario, your $6,350 out-of-pocket maximum is much less than a $150,000 hospital bill!